Tag Archives: proteomics

4 waves of human ageing

The Guardian writes that humans age dramatically increases in two bursts at 44, then 60 years. The headline may be misleading as it misses the growth spurt in 10 year old children but also the cachexia of people around 90.

The report relies on a report with limited observation period

In this study, we performed comprehensive multi-omics profiling on a longitudinal human cohort of 108 participants, aged between 25 years and 75 years. The participants resided in California, United States, and were tracked for a median period of 1.7 years, with a maximum follow-up duration of 6.8 years.

but nevertheless it confirms my own observation with age effects in bursts around 45 and again in 60 (even did some studies on chronobiology and DNA ageing that confirmed ELOVL2 effects in 2015 while a confirmation study 2020 could not be finished due to COVID19).

It is a bit annoying, however, as there are always different numbers in the Snyder study when compared to earlier reports of the same group  that missed the current findings.

Even worse as there was no a priori  study plan  the results look more like a display of a random data warehouse where you can pick what you waant. So where is the main effect and what is the driving force? The authors are counting significant changes

If we look at the proportional max/min change it is roughly 40% at transcriptomics and proteomics and 32% at metabolomics level. But I have no clue what’s behind these peaks – GTPase activity? Oxygen carrier? As there are no methylation data, no tissue biospy, not even any blood sample covering the whole time span, it remains a rather fuzzy paper that tries to provide a scientific basis of a common sense observation.


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Proteomics 73 years ago

Otto Warburg was not only lucky to win a Nobel prize but also three of his scholars. On of these, Hugo Theorell, describes the discovery of nicotinic acid amide as picrolonate in December 1933. The initial yield of the substance was poor – crystals of a few miligrams were obtained from 200 l of horse blood. Warburg estimated that they would have to kill all horses in Germany to find out the constitution. Theorell continues (quoted from Krebs: Warburg. 1981, p32)

Fortunately, they had the elementary analysis, melting point and the molecular weight. Now a friend of Warburg’s, Walter Schöller, who was the head of the Schering Kahlbaum Company Laboratory, made the simplest trick in the world: he looked into ‘Beilstein’ for substances with the same composition and melting point and within no time he said: “Well, this is nicotinic acid amide, synthesized by Mr so-and-so in 1878 or something like that.” Warburg’s comment was as laconic as usual: “Yesterday we could not buy it for any money in the world, today we can buy it for two marks a pound.”

Nicotinamide had powerful inhibitory effects on mycobacteria and led to the synthesis by Hoffman-La Roche of isonicotinic acid hydrazide or isoniazid – and Warburg had the chance to read his own obituary in The Times (Krebs, p.67) where he complained that the discovery of nicotinamide had been deliberately omitted (his former institute is here).
Looks pretty much that this discovery worked along the same strategy as proteomics today: 2-DE to tandem MS (MS/MS) and database lookup. Yea, yea.


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