Clemens von Pirquet, when working on horse serum injections, coined the word allergy in 1906. It is largely unknown that his Vienna clinic was also hightly active in “vitamin D” research as described in a new review by Bouillon which cites the Dame Chick lecture Continue reading Pirquet: Allergy and Vitamin D
Früher hätte man es nicht mitbekommen, wenn man in irgendeiner Dissertation an irgendeiner Stelle falsch zitiert wird. Heute bekommt man es von Google Alert per Mail geschickt. Der letzte Fall im März 2019 war
Nora Schumacher 2019Aus der Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie der Medizinischen Fakultät Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Direktor: Prof. Dr. med. Kamran GhoreschiBerichterstatterin: Prof. Dr. Margitta Worm
leider das genaue Gegenteil, von dem was ich immer gesagt habe. Who cares?
Gestern bekomme ich dann diese Dissertation
Julian Klingbeil – 2019
ORM-like protein (ORMDL) – Annäherung an die Funktion über die Interaktion
Aus der Kinderklinik und Kinderpoliklinik im Dr. von Haunerschen Kinderspital der Ludwig–Maximilians–Universität München
Direktor: Prof. Dr. med. Dr. sci. nat. C. Klein Berichterstatterin: Prof. Dr. Ania Muntau
Abgesehen von dem etwas verschraubten Titel und der Tatsache, dass ich mich mit Protein-Protein Interaktion nicht auskenne, werde ich in der Arbeit sechs Mal zitiert. Und jedesmal falsch.
Ich habe nie einen Polymorphismus in ORMDL3 untersucht. Im Gegenteil, ich stand nur einmal bei einer Genexpressionsstudie mit in der Mannschaft. Dazu habe ich habe Zweifel an der Art und Weise, wie die Nature Arbeit zustande kam.
Die Aussage bezieht sich wohl auf mein früheres Lancet Editorial 2006 – nicht aber auf 2013 – während wir aber durchaus einen Zusammenhang zur Asthmatherapie gefunden haben.
Sorry, nein, die Populationen waren durchweg gut charakterisiert mit eher zu vielen Readouts. Linkage und GWAS Studien hatten eher keine a priori Hypothesen, es war allein die Heterogenie, die in das Nirwana führte und nicht der heterogener Phänotyp der bronchialen Obstruktion (wie es Prof von Wichert in seiner Hauptvorlesung einmal sagte “was soll die Lunge schon tun ausser zu verstopfen“).
Leider auch falsch, denn Denham zeigte nur eine Region, kein Gen.
Sorry nein, Dold zeigt das 5,2fache nicht dreifache Risiko (siehe Tabelle 6 im Originalartikel).
Leider kommt das Zitat im Text überhaupt nicht vor. Who cares?
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Es ist nicht einfach, hier einen Überblick zu bekommen.
Jedenfalls sollte man von Qualität der Wettervorhersagen (die für die nächsten 24 Stunden von 75% auf über 90% in den letzten 20 Jahren gestiegen ist), nicht auf die Qualität der Klimavorhersagen schliessen.
Die Geschichte der Klimaforschung kann jedenfalls in vier Beiträgen lückenlos nachgelesen werden:
“Wenn der Wind weht” mit diesem Film (und seiner Titelmelodie von David Bowie) sind wir Mitte der 80er Jahre sozialisiert worden. Der drohenden Atomkrieg, das wardie reale und unmittelbare Gefahr dass eine der Pershing II in die Luft geflogen wäre.
Roland Emmerichs Katastrophenfilm The Day after Tomorrow 2004 konnte das nur schwer toppen. Experten sind aber der Meinung, dass die Spiefilme einen falschen Eindruck der Kimakrise vermittelt haben: zu sehr Katastrophen-orientiert, bekommt man allenfalls das Gefühl der Ohnmacht. Auch kommt neben der erfundenen Darstellung einer allumfassenden Katastrophe in dem Spielfilm die reale Erderwärmung vergleichsweise harmlos daher.
Oder doch nicht, wenn man sich “chasing ice” auf Youtube ansieht?
Urs Bruderer hat diese Frage in einem wunderbaren Essay über “Die große Überforderung” thematisiert
Ich habe die Klimakatastrophe viele Jahre kaum beachtet. Und hielt das für die klügste Entscheidung.
Seit Menschen denken können, warnen sie vor ihrem Ende.
…
Ob der Atomkrieg, das Waldsterben oder das Auslaufen des Maya-Kalenders im Dezember 2012, ob im Cern produzierte schwarze Löcher, Milleniumsbug oder Vogelgrippe – im Rückblick bewies jedes Weltuntergangsszenario nur, dass wir eine Lust an der Angst vor dem Ende haben.
…
Der Weltklimarat hat inzwischen unzählige Berichte und Sonderberichte veröentlicht. Die Warnungen wurden immer genauer und bedrohlicher. Und ich wurde immer besser darin, sie zu überhören.
Einen Artikel, den man vollständig gelesen haben muss.
This is certainly the most comprehensive paper that examines the association of air pollution, climate change and allergen exposure: “Air Pollution and Climate Change Effects on Allergies in the Anthropocene: Abundance, Interaction, and Modification of Allergens and Adjuvants”
Air pollution and climate change are potential drivers for the increasing burden of allergic diseases. The molecular mechanisms by which air pollutants and climate parameters may influence allergic diseases, however, are complex and elusive.
There is no causal effect of allergens on human allergy, as allergens have been always abundant even without allergy. Nevertheless allergens are drivers aggravating symptoms in allergy-prone patients by basically four factors
- Stability effects; influencing the accumulation and degradation of allergenic proteins, the duration of exposure times to cellular receptors, and the process of antigen presentation via major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II
- Epitope effects, i.e., generation of new epitopes or modification of existing epitopes, changing the binding properties of antibodies and receptors, by direct chemical modification or as a result of conformational changes
- Adjuvant effects, i.e., generation of new adjuvant functions or modification of existing adjuvant functions such as lipid-binding capacities due to modified ligand binding sites
- Agglomeration effects, i.e., multiplication or shielding of epitopes or adjuvant functions by cross-linking (oligomerization) of allergenic proteins, which may enhance the cross-linking
I would add 5. that the absolute number of pollens increased in some areas as a stress response of dying trees.
A new paper by a British-Kazakhstan-Armenian group nicely summarizes why we need good hypothesis papers.
As a deterring example they use the hygiene hypothesis
the hygiene hypothesis that was originally proposed by David Strachan in 1989. David Strachan studied the epidemiology of hay fever in a cohort of 17,414 British children and concluded that declining family size and improved personal hygiene had reduced the chances of cross infections in families, resulting in epidemics of atopic disease in post-industrial Britain. Over the past four decades, several related hypotheses have been proposed to expand the potential role of symbiotic microorganisms and parasites in the development of human physiological immune responses early in life and protection from allergic and autoimmune diseases later on.
I agree with the description although David never claimed to be the first author writing about the hygiene hypothesis. When I spoke to him the last time London he wasn’t even happy with this popularity.
The chain certainly started also much earlier than 1989 with “continuing activity of an immune system made redundant by man’s cleanliness” (Godfrey, 1975) continued with Gerrard 1976, Frick 1986, Busse, 1989 until David Barker argued in 1985 that there is a “decreased incidence of infection among children, especially in wealthier families, that changed their pattern of immunity”.
The harm inducted by the hygiene hypothesis is described as
The misunderstanding of the hygiene hypothesis that primarily aimed to shed light on the role of the microbiome in allergic and autoimmune diseases resulted in decline of public confidence in hygiene with dire societal implications, forcing some experts to abandon the original idea. Although that hypothesis is unrelated to the issue of vaccinations, the public misunderstanding has resulted in decline of vaccinations at a time of upsurge of old and new infections.
I fear the authors are right – some people may have been harmed by the hygiene hypothesis leading them back in the pre-Semmelweis era.
The list is somewhat hidden but here is the link https://github.com/hakimel/reveal.js/wiki/Plugins,-Tools-and-Hardware
My preference is
dependencies: [
{ src: 'library/reveal.js/lib/js/classList.js', condition: function() { return !document.body.classList; } },
{ src: 'library/reveal.js/plugin/highlight/highlight.js', async: true, callback: function() { hljs.initHighlightingOnLoad(); } },
{ src: 'library/reveal.js/plugin/zoom-js/zoom.js', async: true },
{ src: "library/speech.js",
callback: function() {
RevealSpeech.configure({
nextKeyword: 'nextslide',
prevKeyword: 'previousslide',
lastKeyword: 'lastslide',
firstKeyword: 'firstslide',
debug: true,
lang: 'en-GB' // default de-DE
});
}
plus zenpen in an iframe.
The slide builders at the plugin page are quite useless except for slides.com which is, however, too expensive.
I therefore design everything in Keynote, export as jpg and loop over all jpgs to write the section tags.
The best option would certainly be if Apple would directly support reveal.js and not some fancy own HTML formats
slide/assets/7D643FA7-9A1F-45A5-A30F-7828735F3C35/7D643FA7-9A1F-45A5-A30F-7828735F3C35.json
Or is anyone willing to write a converter?
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Sci Immunol today shows an incomplete genetic reconstitution of B cell pools after measles infection.
Using B cell receptor (BCR) sequencing of human peripheral blood lymphocytes before and after MeV infection, we identified two immunological con- sequences from measles underlying immunosuppression: (i) incomplete reconstitution of the naïve B cell pool leading to immunological immaturity and (ii) compromised immune memory to previously encountered pathogens due to depletion of previously expanded B memory clones.
This “immune amnesia” is noteworthy as sensitivity to D pter was observed less frequent in children with a history of measles than in those without.
In1989, we compared the City of Munich and Upper Bavaria in a big study. Although we did not find so many differences, there is an increased interest now in city – urban differences. Another two papers appeared yesterday, one in Science “Vulnerability of the industrialized microbiota” and one in Environment International “Urban-associated diseases: Candidate diseases, environmental risk factors, and a path forward“. The latter study finds
Continue reading City-Country-River
It is always nice to see an own study 15 years later appearing in a meta-analysis. A new paper in the Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology now shows the results of 17 case–control studies.
We are in line #1…
Another nice paper on a genetic interaction is Vimaleswaran et al.
Note to self – here is a list of the vitamin D / allergy related clinical trials following the first case report was
0. Moneret-Vautrin DA, Hatahet R, Kanny G, Ait-Djafer Z. Allergenic peanut oil in milk formulas. The Lancet 1991; 338: 1149. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(91)92008-p.
1. De Montis G, Gendrel D, Chemillier-Truong M, Dupont C. Sensitisation to peanut and vitamin D oily preparations. The Lancet 1993; 341: 1411. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(93)90976-N.
2. De Montis G, Gendrel D, Chemillier-Truong M, Dupont C. [Peanut sensitization and oily solution vitamin preparations]. Arch Pediatr 1995;2(1):25-8. doi: 10.1016/0929-693x(96)89804-6.
3. Norizoe C, Akiyama N, Segawa T, et al.. Increased food allergy and vitamin D: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Pediatr Int 2014 Feb;56(1):6-12. doi: 10.1111/ped.12207
4. Rueter K, Jones AP, Siafarikas A, Lim EM, Bear N, Noakes PS, et al. Direct infant UV light exposure is associated with eczema and immune development. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; in press, doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.08.037.
5. Rosendahl J, Pelkonen AS, Helve O, et al. High-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation Does Not Prevent Allergic Sensitization of Infants. J Pediatr. 2019 Jun;209:139-145.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2019.02.021
6. Urashima M, Mezawa H, Okuyama, M et al. Primary Prevention of Cow’s Milk Sensitization and Food Allergy by Avoiding Supplementation With Cow’s Milk Formula at Birth. A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Pediatr 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.3544
This new study by Urashima et al. shows that sensitization to cow’s milk and food allergy, including CMA and anaphylaxis, is preventable by avoiding CMF (cow milk formula) supplementation for at least the first few days of life. Although examined only indirectly in this study, vitamin D supplementation seems to be involved in the sensitization process. The Urashima study is accompanied by a valuable editorial of George du Toit and Kari Nadeau
There is currently a lack of consensus among national allergy societies .. Although the EAACI3 and American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (AAAI) currently recommend the use of hypoallergenic formulas in infants at high risk of allergy, the Australian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy does not. The EAACI and the AAAI are likely to reconsider their guidelines because results of more re- cent studies have been contradictory. … Guidelines in the United States and United Kingdom recommend routine vitamin D supplementation in all breastfed infants, whereas guidelines in Australia recommend supplementation only in breastfed infants at high risk of vitamin D insufficiency.
Fragil ist das wissenschaftliche Fundament in der Medizin ja schon immer auch wenn es die hauptsächliche Abgrenzung zur Quacksalberei ist.
Aber auch wenn man sich manche Fragen der Schulmedizin genauer anschaut, wie zum Beispiel letzte Woche die Empfehlung zu Säuglingsnahrungen oder heute ein Artikel zu Verschreibungen auf Säuglingsstationen, dann ist das weder Wissenschaft noch Kunst sondern bestenfalls industriegeleiteter Aktionismus.
Mesek et al. untersuchten dabei in 21 europäischen Ländern die Verschreibungspraxis auf 89 Stationen. Versorgungsforschung ist ja noch am nähesten an der Realität.
Vitamine sind die am häufigsten verschriebene Pharmaka, wobei unklar ist, warum in machen Regionen 74% und in andern nur 5% Vitamine verschreiben. Wenn es generall notwendig wäre, warum dann nicht 100%? Und wenn es nicht notwendig ist, warum dann nicht 0%?
Together with many other colleagues I was astonished about the Nestle booth at EAACI / PAAM 2019 conference in Florence.
The advertisement of Nestle for the NAN HA formula (“state-of-the-art routine infant formula“, „proven to reduce the risk of atopic dermatitis“, „long term effects up to 15 years of age“) along with other milk marketing violates recommendations of the WHO and other medical organisations about breast-feeding. None of the claims made is justified from a scientific viewpoint.
Having paid 650 € entry fee for a 3 day conference, it is also not acceptable that Dr Antonella Muraro (Padua) explains in Symposium 9 “Special products for cow’s milk allergy“ that if Nestle would not be sponsoring the event, the congress fees would be even higher.
At present, there is no generally accepted benefit of any baby food on long-term allergy prevention while also the therapeutic benefit is questionable. Commercial baby food may even increase later allergy by including supplements that are itself allergenic.
We therefore recommend a review of the EAACI ethics guidelines of industry sponsorship, and an immediate action against further participation of Nestle at future EAACI allergy congresses.