There is a new German dissertation about Vigantol (R) excellently written by Jochen Haas and just published at Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft “Vigantol, Adolf Windaus und die Geschichte des Vitamin D”. Altogether 425 pages, it contains a biographical sketch of Windaus (p 32-83), a detailed summary of the juristical questions about irradiating ergosterin (p 96-154), a detailed history of the pharmaceutical production (p 155-238) and finally a chapter about marketing of different brands by Merck (p 238-281). Continue reading The history of vitamin D discovery, industrial production and marketing
Category Archives: Vitamins
Why the allergy epidemic did not already start 1935 in Germany
moblog – I have now spent another day at the Berlin Document Center browsing through hundreds of RKI pages – manuscripts, correspondence, bills and personal files. My goal was to find out why the allergy epidemic did not already start off 1935 in Germany when vitamin D synthesis was already possible on a large scale.
Indeed, I found evidence that at least 3 companies radiated at that time yeast derived ergosterin by UV quartz lamps – I.G. Farben, Nordmark-Werke and Deutsche Vitamin Gesellschaft. The number of companies in this field Continue reading Why the allergy epidemic did not already start 1935 in Germany
One small step for man
Slowly but surely, the hygiene hypothesis is going to be more and more perforated. A new NEJM paper finds Continue reading One small step for man
Vitamin A and allergy
No, I am not confusing here vitamin A and vitamin D as done in the early days of vitamin research. This post is really about vitamin A (but with similar nomenclature problem as with vitamin D). Retinol is ingested in a precursor form; animal sources like liver (–>cod liver oil) contain retinyl esters, whereas plants like carrots contain carotenoids. Continue reading Vitamin A and allergy
A short history of steamed cod liver oil
First use of liver cod oil probably originates with the fishing communities of Norway, Greenland and Iceland several centuries ago – an excellent reference is at “Cod liver oil and chemistry” 1895 by Peckel Möller. This book has a nice account on fishing at the Lofotes around the turn of the last century with many details about the cod fish migration.
The first medical use is being dated to 1789 Continue reading A short history of steamed cod liver oil
The road not taken
When discussing the problem of inducing allergy by rickets prophylaxis I have argumented earlier that there are many alternatives:
- abandon daily oral prophylaxis in the general population (attn risk of t1d, rickets, pneumonia)
- reduce daily oral dose with on demand therapy
- use only 1-3 single oral shots as in former East Germany
- exchange water-soluble by oily form
- use chemically modified isomeres
- co-application with “physiological” substances also in liver cod oil like Ca2+, P, vitamin A…
- co-application with “non-physiological” Cpg ODN…
- switch to parenteral application
There is even another option that I missed Continue reading The road not taken
Enlightening
A new study reports a rather expected finding – young Finnish men in a military base ;-)
… conditions with respect to physical activity, nutrition, clohting, living quarters, and exposure to sunlight were homgenous
had twice as many respiratory infections if having serum vitamin D concentrations <40 nmol/L. The discussion, however, misses the point that there are many studies showing the same effect in children with rickets (references 82-86) eventually leading to pneumonia leading to death. “Enlighten the people generally, and tyranny and oppression of body and mind will vanish like evil spirits at the dawn of day” (Thomas Jefferson?)
Tonk, Plonk and Plink
I have now used the PLINK software package also for analysing family data. Again it is an excellent program that allows many new views on old data. I could run >20 traits all together on ~1000 SNPs in just a few seconds. There are only a few tweaks that I have already emailed to the author Continue reading Tonk, Plonk and Plink
Time to give Blackley the credit he deserves
I am currently doing some historical studies if the vitamin hypothesis fits also the temporal relationship of allergy prevalence. While ordering RKI files for my next trip to the Berlin document center, I found that farming and lower allergy sensitization is known much longer than I anticipated. Continue reading Time to give Blackley the credit he deserves
Design flaws plus delivery flaws equal faux conclusions
— the title of a letter in the most recent Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. So there is no need to comment further studies in the same issue. Continue reading Design flaws plus delivery flaws equal faux conclusions
News about vitamin D’ficiency
“Normal vitamin D status despite of abundant sun exposure” would have been my title for a study in the JCEM this month. The authors, however, have choosen a different title: Continue reading News about vitamin D’ficiency
Turning pale
Humans have always been attracted by white animals, tigers, elephants and crocodiles (BTW great melanosome pictures can be found at PLOS.
There seem to be also some evidence that light skin developed only recently as reported in a meeting report in Science by April, 20 based on sweeps around SLC24A5. This is somewhat in contrast to findings published more or less at the same time by the same group (but not mentioned in the meetings report) that a highly complex network is influencing skin color. Continue reading Turning pale
Osteopontin bridging air pollution and immunology of allergic inflammation
Ostepopontin (OPN) is a remarkable substance. The many aliases already point towards a multitude of biological functions: SPP1=secreted phosphoprotein 1, BSPI 1=bone sialoprotein-1, CIT, ETA-1, GC110940, nephropontin, osteoprotegerin, uropontin, bone sialoprotein I, early T-lymphocyte activation among others. Continue reading Osteopontin bridging air pollution and immunology of allergic inflammation
Ca2+ and IgE
Two decades ago, 10% calcium gluconate had been recommended for the treatment of anaphylaxis (couldn’t find any explanation for that but renember one of my teachers saying it will stabilize the membranes). There is now an update in scienceblog:doi:10.1038/ni1441: Continue reading Ca2+ and IgE
Vitamin D as a treatment of tuberculosis
There is now a lot of hype around the usefulness of vitamin D in the treatment of tuberculosis (scienceblog:doi:10.1164/rccm.200701-007OC ). The authors mention even their previous review (scienceblog:doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2006.12.052:) summarizing 13 studies between 1947 and 1998. Continue reading Vitamin D as a treatment of tuberculosis